Introducing the Power of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms in Soilless Systems: A Promising Alternative for Sustainable Agriculture

Soilless systems, such as hydroponics and aquaponics, are gaining popularity a sustainable alternative to traditional soil-based agriculture, aiming at maximizing plant productivity while minimizing resource use. Nonetheless, the absence of soil matrix poses challenges that require precise management nutrients, effective control salinity stress, proactive strategies master disease management. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) have emerged promising solution overcome these issues. Research demonstrated Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum most extensively studied genera for their effectiveness growth promoters, inducing changes in root architecture morphology. Furthermore, PGPM inoculation, either alone or synergy, can reverse effects nutrient deficiency salt stress. The Pseudomonas Trichoderma were recognized solid antagonistic traits, which make them highly biocontrol agents hydroponic systems. latest findings indicate ability significantly reduce severity index (DSI) through mycoparasitism, antibiosis, induced systemic resistance. In aquaponic inoculation with Bacillus subtilis brasilense increased dissolved oxygen, improving water quality parameters benefiting fish metabolism. This review also establishes interaction variability between growing media, implying specificity determining maximize soilless cultivation These suggest using soil-free settings could contribute crop production, addressing management, control,